const Route = use('Route')
Route.get('posts', function * (request, response) {
const body = request.all()
// cherry picking fields
const body = request.only('title', 'description', 'categories')
})You are viewing the legacy version of AdonisJS. Visit https://adonisjs.com for newer docs. This version will receive security patches until the end of 2021.
AdonisJs makes it super easy to access HTTP request information. All controller methods and route closures receive an instance of the Request class, which is a sugared layer on top of Node.js HTTP request.
You can access Node.js raw request object as request.request.
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Let’s take the classic case of reading request body for a given HTTP request.
const Route = use('Route')
Route.get('posts', function * (request, response) {
const body = request.all()
// cherry picking fields
const body = request.only('title', 'description', 'categories')
})Below is the list of all the available methods on the Request instance.
Returns all values extracted from query strings and the request body.
const data = request.all()Returns the value of query strings and request body for a given key. If the value does not exist, the default value will be returned.
const name = request.input('name')
const subscribe = request.input('subscribe', 'yes')Similar to all, but returns an object with cherry picked values of defined keys. null will be returned for non-existing keys.
const data = request.only('name', 'email', 'age')
/* returns
{
name: '..',
email: '..',
age: '..'
}
*/Tells whether the request is fresh or not by checking ETag and expires header.
request.fresh()Returns most trusted IP address for a given request. If your application is behind a proxy server like Nginx, make sure to enable http.trustProxy inside the config/app.js file.
request.ip()Returns an array of subdomains for a given URL. For example, api.example.org will have the subdomain as ['api'].
request.subdomains()Pjax is a hybrid ajax request. If you are from Ruby on Rails world, it is quite similar to Turbolinks.
Returns request current URL. It will trim query string.
// url - http://foo.com/users?orderBy=desc&limit=10
request.url()
// returns - http://foo.com/usersrequest.originalUrl()request.method()Returns route parameter for a given key. Learn more about route parameters here.
Returns current format for a given request. In order to make it work, you need to define route formats.
request.format()Returns a boolean indicating whether the current request URL matches any of the given patterns.
// url - /user/1
request.match('/users/:id') // true
request.match('/users/all') // false
request.match('/users/all', '/user/(.+)') // trueYou can make use of the below methods to read request headers
Returns value for a given header key or returns the default value.
const csrfToken = request.header('CSRF-TOKEN')
// or
const time = request.header('x-time', new Date().getTime())Quite often applications have requirements of saving multiple entries to the database using HTML forms. Let’s take an example of saving multiple users.
<form method="POST" action="/users">
<div class="row">
<h2> User 1 </h2>
<input type="email" name="email[]" />
<input type="password" name="password[]" />
</div>
<div class="row">
<h2> User 2 </h2>
<input type="email" name="email[]" />
<input type="password" name="password[]" />
</div>
<button type="submit"> Create Users </button>
</form>Above we defined the email[] and password[] as an array so that we can submit multiple users within a single request and the input on the server will look quite similar the below format.
{
email: ['bar@foo.com', 'baz@foo.com'],
password: ['secret', 'secret1']
}Until this point, the form is doing what it is supposed to do. Whereas the data received by the server is quite hard to process to get it into the right format.
[
{
email: 'bar@foo.com',
password: 'secret'
},
{
email: 'baz@foo.com',
password: 'secret1'
}
]Of course, you can loop through the original input and create a new array as per the expected output, but that seems to be too much for a general use case. AdonisJs makes the entire process seamless by introducing a helper method called collect.
const users = request.collect('email', 'password')
const savedUsers = yield User.createMany(users)Content Negotiation is a way to find the best response type for a given request. The end-user makes use of HTTP headers to define the response type they are expecting from the server.
| You can also make use of Routes to define explicit return types. Learn more about content negotiation via routes. |
Returns whether a request is one of the given types. This method will parse the request Content-type header.
const isPlain = request.is('html', 'plain')Checks the Accept header to negotiate the best response type for a given HTTP request.
const type = request.accepts('json', 'html')
switch (type) {
case 'json':
response.json({hello:"world"})
break
case 'html':
response.send('<h1>Hello world</h1>')
break
}Quite often you have the requirement of extending the Request prototype by attaching new methods. Same can be done by defining a macro on the Request class.
If your macros are specific to your application only, then make use of the app/Listeners/Http.js file to listen for the start event and add a custom macro.
Http.onStart = function () {
const Request = use('Adonis/Src/Request')
Request.macro('cartValue', function () {
return this.cookie('cartValue', 0)
})
}If you are writing a module/addon for AdonisJs, you can add a macro inside the boot method of your service provider.
const ServiceProvider = require('adonis-fold').ServiceProvider
class MyServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider {
boot () {
const Request = use('Adonis/Src/Request')
Request.macro('cartValue', function () {
return this.cookie('cartValue', 0)
})
}
* register () {
// register bindings
}
}Defined macros can be used like any other request method.
const cartValue = request.cartValue()